YUE Peng ZHANG Hui ZHANG Nan LI Ya-jing
(Earthquake Administration of Tianjin Municipality, Tianjin 300201, China)
【Abstract】This paper introduced the composing and frame on the Tianjin earthquake emergency command technical system．It introduced the central function and the technical target．It evaluated the emergency and the applying prospect on the system．
【Key words】Tianjin; Earthquake; Emergency command system
0 Introduction
Earthquake emergency work is an important link of the three working system of China’s earthquake disaster mitigation, and earthquake emergency command system is an important support of the earthquake emergency conditions. With the development of new technologies, especially the development of computer networks, automation and information technology to build a lean prop high-tech, intelligent, modern earthquake emergency command system is an inevitable demand of the earthquake emergency. During the “Tenth Five-Year” Plan period, the system passed the acceptance testing and then was put into service.
1 System Profiler
Tianjin earthquake emergency command system includes a set of earthquake emergency command center technology systems and a set of earthquake site emergency command technology systems.
Tianjin earthquake emergency command center system includes the earthquake emergency technical support platform, the underlying database of earthquake emergency, disaster rapid assessment system, earthquake emergency rapid response system, earthquake emergency assistant decision system, earthquake emergency notification system, earthquake emergency command and management information system and other parts.
Earthquake site emergency command system includes live video transmission system, emergency command system, emergency management system, the scene of the disaster access and transmission system, site survey and hazard assessment and scientific inspection system, building security identification system, the scene database management systems.
2 The overall objective
Full advantage of existing high and new technology to establish the earthquake emergency command system which covers Tianjin and taking into account the neighborhood, and then the city government for earthquake emergency earthquake relief headquarters will be provided command places and all kinds of necessary technical means. The emergency command system is the core of Tianjin earthquake relief and rescue command system.
It’s mainly composed of emergency commanding hall, controlling room, commander’s lounge and small conference rooms; the total area of the system is nearly 350 square meters. In this area, the staff will complete quick assessment of the earthquake immediately after it occurs, then the assistant decision support advices will be proposed to support the emergency command of the government, at the same time, the system will connect with the earthquake relief headquarter of State Council and the emergency office of Tianjin municipal government through video conference system to realize prompt report of disasters and efficient direction of the rescue work all through the Municipality.
3 Technical indicators
Tianjin can be implemented of earthquake emergency monitoring, dynamic tracking, and disaster relief command through this system. Emergency command system can make disaster assessment and provide the appropriate command information within l5 minutes after the devastating earthquake occurred, and fully access to state within 50 minutes. Emergency underlying database data structure is reasonable, complete, comply with the requirements to meet earthquake emergency need. The construction of Tianjin earthquake emergency command system was based on the 1:50000 scale data. At the same time, it can exchange data with all levels of command technology systems through the network. A variety of hardware and softwares of the system had achieved reasonable configuration and functional.
4 Construction and function of the Tianjin earthquake emergency command system
To construct the system, plenty of work has been completed: involving the construction and reconstruction of the environment (such as commanding hall, controlling room, computer room, triple power support system, and emergency supplies depot, et al.); the building of the large screen and secondary display instruments, digital conference, audio system, centralized control, emergency private network, memory system, data and computing platform, and specialized application software system, et al.; as well as data compilation and database construction.
With all the efforts, the emergency command system has got sufficient instruments in commanding areas with qualified specifications, scientific allocation, adequate database, and abundant display information. To achieve quick response and assessment to the destructive earthquakes occur in Tianjin, furthermore, the whole system has implemented local and remote multi-system linkages, based on which we could put forward decision support advices for the emergency response and rescue, and realize graded release of the emergency information and security administration of the system. In practice, the trials run normally.
4.1 Earthquake emergency command systems support platform
You need a solid LAN platform to support the running of the Earthquake emergency command system and the realization of the command functions; Assessment, decision making, command system also needs high-speed computer networks and high-quality conferencing system in order to meet the requirements of the emergency work.
The system includes the large screen display, audio systems, digital conference system, the reception and processing of seismic site information, storage systems, video monitoring systems, multimedia editing system, video conferencing systems, integrated wiring network engineering.
4.2 Earthquake Emergency basic database
Earthquake emergency basic data is the foundation and the core of the earthquake relief headquarters. A variety of emergency data and information which the emergency command needs is get from the database；The system includes enterprise-class database server, GIS server, Oracle database system；It contains 9 categories, 42 categories of data, more than 72 spatial data tables and attribute data tables.
4.3 Earthquake emergency Rapid Response System
When the devastating earthquake occurs, the system will start the earthquake emergency command system through the active or passive trigger control mechanism and the system can make rapid assess economic losses, casualties, secondary disasters, the spatial distribution and the loss of judgment and description.
4.4 Disaster rapid assessment system
This system is on the basis of professional computing model and certain basic data ,then it can start the assessment system automatically through a passive trigger to quickly calculate the possible loss of the earthquake disaster, including casualties, the number of direct economic losses and buildings collapsed area and space distribution. It has achieved real-time automatic assessment of the earthquake disaster, disaster presentations automatically generated.
4.5 Emergency command Assistant Decision system
After the earthquake occurs, the commanding officers need to formulate of a variety of disaster relief programs of action and make the command decision which based on understanding a series of disaster area information and related information. Commanders and department relief headquarters assistant decision system developed for this purpose to answer the earthquake relief headquarters members of a variety of real-time inquiry, prompts proposed hierarchical necessary emergency relief operations Assistant Decision recommendations to assist the commander to quickly develop disaster response programs, the deployment of relief operations.
5 Earthquake emergency command system work processes
5.1 The Quick Start of emergency command system
After receiving the earthquake quick report parameters the staff should start related equipment of the emergency command system within five minutes and should check and ensure the equipment interoperability and information exchange channels unimpeded within ten minutes; You should confirm that the emergency command hall of satellite communications receiving system is normal to ensure that the timely intervention of the earthquake site information; confirm emergency information processing hall network interface is smooth to ensure that other members of the headquarters unit of data can be sent to the headquarters.
5.2 Rapid assessment and decision support recommendations
The staff will complete quick assessment of the earthquake immediately after it occurs, then the assistant decision support advices will be proposed to support the emergency command of the government.
5.3 Emergency dispatch
Earthquake-site emergency command system will set out within two hours after earthquake occurs.As soon as the earthquake field team arrive in the earthquake site, firstly build earthquake field communication battalion, through satellite network direct and Tianjin seismic disaster relief headquarters connection, and receiving and process all kinds of field information, submit disaster briefing, and earthquake damage survey, disaster assessment.
5.4 Dynamic analysis
According to the development of the situation and commander’s requirements, we should get ready for all kinds of major issues, key objectives and major secondary disasters dangerous source of emergency assessment and decision analysis.
6 Prospects and evaluation of the system application
The constructed emergency command system will supply a solid support platform to operate earthquake emergency command and quick disposal of disasters by Tianjin Municipal Government, provide timely decision-making information service, and finally, significantly improve the earthquake emergency command capability. Simultaneously, the system could contribute to the construction and operation of public safety emergency platform vitally, supplying technical support and service.
7 Conclusion
During these years, the emergency command system has accumulated a wealth of experience through the tough tests brought by a few unforgettable events, “5.12”Wenchuan earthquake, 2008 the Olympic Games, Davos World Economic Forum, and also several earthquake emergency events in North China and large-scale drills. Meanwhile, our team is also well trained through these practices.
【References】
［1］Earthquake Administration of Tianjin Municipality. Tianjin Earthquake Emergency Command System Technical Report[R].2007.
［2］China earthquake emergency command system technical regulations[M]．Earthquake Publishing House, 2005.
［责任编辑：汤静］